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Norepinephrine elevations in cerebrospinal fluid after d- and l-amphetamine.

M G Ziegler, C R Lake, M H Ebert

    European Journal of Pharmacology
    |August 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Amphetamine significantly increases norepinephrine (NE) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in monkeys. Both d- and l-amphetamine isomers show similar effects on central NE release, suggesting behavioral differences are not due to this mechanism.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Norepinephrine (NE) is a key neurotransmitter involved in various brain functions.
    • Amphetamine is a stimulant known to affect monoamine neurotransmitter systems, including norepinephrine.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of d- and l-amphetamine on central norepinephrine release in vivo.
    • To compare the impact of different amphetamine stereoisomers on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) norepinephrine levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous collection of CSF from the lateral ventricles of monkeys.
    • Intravenous administration of d- and l-amphetamine at doses ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/kg.
    • Measurement of norepinephrine (NE) content in CSF samples.

    Main Results:

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    • CSF norepinephrine levels exhibited a minor circadian rhythm.
    • Amphetamine administration caused a significant, dose-dependent increase in CSF NE.
    • A 1.0 mg/kg dose of amphetamine resulted in a four-fold increase in CSF NE, sustained for 33 hours.
    • Both d- and l-amphetamine isomers produced comparable elevations in CSF NE, with minor differences observed only at the highest dose.

    Conclusions:

    • Amphetamine robustly increases central norepinephrine release in primates.
    • The stereoisomers d- and l-amphetamine appear to have similar effects on overall central NE release.
    • Observed behavioral differences between amphetamine stereoisomers are unlikely to stem from general differences in central NE release.