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Pathogenesis of upper cervical instability.

R. Swinkels1, K. Beeton, J. Alltree

  • 1Faculty of Experimental Anatomy and Manual Therapy, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium

Manual Therapy
|June 1, 1996
PubMed
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This review examines upper cervical instability causes, including inflammatory, congenital, and traumatic origins. It highlights common atlanto-axial dislocation causes and discusses less-documented minor instabilities contributing to chronic complaints.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Upper cervical instability is a complex condition with diverse etiologies.
  • Atlanto-axial dislocation is frequently associated with rheumatoid arthritis and Down's syndrome.
  • Minor instabilities are often overlooked but may contribute to chronic symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis of upper cervical instability.
  • To explore the spectrum of conditions encompassed by clinical instability.
  • To identify potential contributing factors to chronic complaints related to spinal stability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathogenesis of upper cervical instability.
  • Analysis of common and less common causes of instability.

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  • Discussion of the role of different subsystems in spinal stability.

    • Main Results:

    • Upper cervical instability stems from inflammatory, congenital, and traumatic factors.
    • Rheumatoid arthritis and Down's syndrome are leading causes of atlanto-axial dislocation.
    • Limited data exists on minor instabilities potentially causing chronic complaints.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the pathogenesis of upper cervical instability is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • The interplay of passive, active, and neural subsystems influences spinal stability.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the role of minor instabilities in chronic conditions.