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Related Experiment Videos

State and trait anxiety revisited.

N S Endler1, N L Kocovski

  • 1Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Anxiety Disorders
|July 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

State and trait anxiety are influenced by both individual personality and situational factors. Understanding the multidimensional nature of anxiety is crucial for accurate theory and assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychological theory
  • Anxiety research

Background:

  • State and trait anxiety theory and assessment are reviewed.
  • The interplay between individual disposition (trait anxiety) and situational context in influencing emotional states (state anxiety) is examined.
  • The multidimensional interaction model of anxiety is explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review state and trait anxiety theory and assessment.
  • To discuss the congruence between trait anxiety facets and stressful situations.
  • To explore the dimensional versus categorical conceptualization of anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on state and trait anxiety.
  • Presentation of empirical research findings.
  • Discussion of conceptualizations of anxiety.

Main Results:

  • Both person factors (trait anxiety) and situational factors are critical for determining state anxiety levels.
  • Congruence between specific trait anxiety facets and stressful situations is necessary to elicit heightened state anxiety.
  • Empirical evidence supports the multidimensional interaction model.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety should be conceptualized as a dimensional construct.
  • The multidimensionality of both state and trait anxiety is essential for comprehensive theory and assessment.
  • Misconceptions regarding the multidimensionality of trait anxiety warrant clarification.

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