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Progressive decrease in constrictor reactivity of the non-absorbing intestine during chronic sepsis.

H Zhao1, D A Spain, P J Matheson

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville and Louisville VA Medical Center, Kentucky 40292, USA.

Shock (Augusta, Ga.)
|July 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Chronic sepsis impairs intestinal microcirculation, reducing blood vessel sensitivity to norepinephrine. Repeated bacterial infections worsen this vasoconstrictor defect, impacting gut blood flow control.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Microcirculation Research
  • Sepsis Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Chronic sepsis is associated with impaired intestinal microcirculation.
  • Altered microvascular control mechanisms may underlie these circulatory deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that intestinal microvascular sensitivity to norepinephrine (NE) is decreased in chronic sepsis.
  • To evaluate the impact of single and repeated bacterial challenges on vasoconstrictor responses in the intestinal microvasculature.

Main Methods:

  • Chronic sepsis was induced in rats via polymicrobial inoculation.
  • Norepinephrine (NE) responses in terminal ileal arterioles were measured using video microscopy.
  • NE threshold sensitivity (pD(T20)) was analyzed at 24 and 72 hours after single (1-hit) or repeated (2-hit) bacterial inoculations.

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Main Results:

  • A single bacterial challenge (1-hit) significantly decreased NE sensitivity in ileal arterioles at 24 hours.
  • Repeated bacterial challenges (2-hit) further exacerbated the decrease in NE sensitivity.
  • Following a single inoculation, NE sensitivity partially recovered by 72 hours.

Conclusions:

  • An initial bacterial challenge impairs vasoconstrictor reactivity in the intestinal microcirculation.
  • Subsequent repeated bacterial challenges worsen this defect in vasoconstrictor control.
  • These findings highlight altered microvascular control in sepsis-induced intestinal dysfunction.