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Longitudinal melanonychia.

E Haneke1, R Baran

  • 1Institute of Dermatology, Klinikk Bunaes, Løkkeåsveien 3, 1337 Sandvika, Norway. haneke@bunas.no

Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [Et Al.]
|July 10, 2001
PubMed
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Differentiating nail pigmentations is crucial for diagnosing nail melanoma. This study reviews various causes, including exogenous substances, bacterial infections, hematomas, and melanin, to guide diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Ungual melanoma, a severe nail disease, often presents as a longitudinal brown streak.
  • Accurate diagnosis of nail pigmentations is essential for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate diverse nail pigmentations.
  • To discuss differential diagnoses, treatment strategies, and prognoses for nail pigmentations.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical assessment of nail pigmentations.
  • Histological examination to evaluate nail discoloration.

Main Results:

  • Exogenous pigmentations typically lack regular streaks.
  • Bacterial causes (e.g., Pseudomonas) present greenish/grayish hues.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subungual hematomas vary in appearance and location.
  • Melanin pigmentation as a streak originates from matrix melanocytes.
  • Malignant longitudinal melanonychia is often wider than 5mm and associated with specific signs.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nail pigmentation can stem from exogenous or endogenous sources.
    • Distinguishing benign from malignant causes requires careful evaluation.
    • Conservative treatment is preferred for nail melanoma, preserving digit function.