Double Orifice Mitral and Tricuspid Valves

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Congenital Heart Disease
• Echocardiography

Background:

• Atrioventricular valve duplication is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.
• It is typically discovered incidentally during autopsy, open-heart surgery, or via two-dimensional echocardiography.
• This condition affects the heart's valves, which control blood flow between the atria and ventricles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present the transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic findings in two cases of atrioventricular valve duplication.
• To discuss the hemodynamic considerations associated with mitral and tricuspid valve duplication.
• To review the existing literature on this rare congenital anomaly.

Main Methods:

• Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was used to visualize cardiac structures.
• Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) provided detailed imaging of the atrioventricular valves.
• A comprehensive literature review was conducted to supplement case presentations.

Main Results:

• The study details the echocardiographic presentation of both mitral valve duplication and tricuspid valve duplication.
• Hemodynamic effects of these duplications were analyzed based on imaging findings.
• The findings contribute to understanding the spectrum of atrioventricular valve anomalies.

Conclusions:

• Atrioventricular valve duplication, though rare, requires careful echocardiographic assessment.
• Understanding the hemodynamic impact is crucial for patient management.
• This case series adds to the limited literature on echocardiographic diagnosis and implications of valve duplication.