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EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay
Published on: September 11, 2016
Enteric infections with coronaviruses and toroviruses
1Department of Microbiology, B-175, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Denver, CO 20862, USA.
Novartis Foundation Symposium
|July 11, 2001
Summary
Coronaviruses and toroviruses cause enteric disease in animals and may cause human diarrhea. Understanding spike glycoprotein interactions is key to developing new antiviral drugs and propagation methods.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Coronaviruses and toroviruses are enveloped, plus-strand RNA viruses causing enteric disease in various mammals.
- Mammalian coronaviruses are associated with human respiratory infections, and both virus types are implicated in human diarrheal disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role and genetic variability of coronaviruses and toroviruses in human diarrhea.
- To analyze the function of the spike (S) glycoprotein in viral entry and infectivity.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on coronaviruses and toroviruses.
- Analysis of the S glycoprotein's role in species specificity, tissue tropism, and virulence.
- Examination of viral envelope resistance to host defense mechanisms.
Main Results:
- The S glycoprotein is crucial for viral entry, determining species specificity and tissue tropism.
- Protease cleavage of the S glycoprotein is necessary for activating infectivity.
- Spike-receptor interactions mediate viral entry into enterocytes via a temperature-dependent conformational change.
Conclusions:
- Analyzing spike-receptor interactions offers potential for new methods to propagate enteric viruses.
- Understanding these interactions can guide the development of novel antiviral therapies against coronaviruses and toroviruses.
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