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Related Experiment Videos

Absorbability and cost effectiveness in calcium supplementation.

R P Heaney1, M S Dowell, J Bierman

  • 1Creighton University, Osteoporosis Research Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA. rheaney@creighton.edu

Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|July 11, 2001
PubMed
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Calcium carbonate and calcium citrate supplements show equivalent bioavailability in postmenopausal women. The less expensive calcium carbonate is favored for cost-effectiveness based on absorption efficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Cost-effectiveness of calcium supplementation is influenced by absorption efficiency.
  • Previous analyses often assume equal bioavailability across calcium sources.
  • Research suggests potential differences in bioavailability and cost among major calcium supplements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the bioavailability of commercial calcium carbonate and calcium citrate supplements.
  • To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different calcium formulations.
  • To assess calcium absorption and its impact on serum calcium and iPTH levels.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized four-period, three-way cross-over study involving 24 postmenopausal women.
  • Comparison of single doses of commercial calcium carbonate, encapsulated calcium carbonate, and calcium citrate.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Vitamin D-replete subjects received 10 microg/day 25(OH)D orally.
  • Pharmacokinetic analysis of serum calcium, ionized calcium, and iPTH, plus urine calcium excretion over 24 hours.
  • Cost calculations based on average retail prices.

    • Main Results:

    • All tested calcium sources demonstrated identical 24-hour serum calcium profiles, indicating equivalent absorption and bioavailability.
    • Slight, non-significant increases in urine calcium were observed with citrate compared to carbonate.
    • Serum iPTH levels showed comparable depressions across all calcium products, aligning with calcium absorption.

    Conclusions:

    • Marketed calcium carbonate and calcium citrate exhibit equivalent bioavailability.
    • The cost-benefit analysis favors calcium carbonate due to its lower cost and comparable absorption efficiency.