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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Cheek repair
T T Tollefson1, C S Murakami, J D Kriet
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
Abstract:
The cheek, one of the most important facial aesthetic units, adjoins key facial structures including the mouth, nose, and eyelids. When undertaking cutaneous cheek defect repair, these functional structures must remain undisturbed. Indeed, the size, depth, and position of each defect must be critically assessed in relation to surrounding donor tissue and landmarks. This article reviews cheek anatomy, surface landmarks, and the various surgical options for achieving successful aesthetic and functional repair.
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