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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce relaxation in these...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
Antiasthma Drugs: Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists01:20

Antiasthma Drugs: Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists

Muscarinic receptor antagonists, also known as antimuscarinic agents, are a class of bronchodilators used to treat asthma, although they are more commonly used to treat COPD. They work by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter, on muscarinic receptors found in the airways.
Antimuscarinic agents compete with ACh for the same binding site on the muscarinic receptors. By binding to these receptors, they inhibit the downstream effects of ACh and block the parasympathetic...
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Alternative agents in asthma.

A J Frew1, M J Plummeridge

  • 1Department of Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|July 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing difficult asthma involves exploring steroid-sparing treatments beyond inhaled glucocorticosteroids. New agents target inflammation, offering hope for patients with severe or steroid-intolerant asthma.

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Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
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Assessment of Respiratory Function in Conscious Mice by Double-chamber Plethysmography

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
08:05

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

Assessment of Respiratory Function in Conscious Mice by Double-chamber Plethysmography
08:58

Assessment of Respiratory Function in Conscious Mice by Double-chamber Plethysmography

Published on: July 10, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Glucocorticosteroids are primary inhaled asthma treatments.
  • Difficult asthma patients are heterogeneous, including those with side effects or instability on high-dose steroids.
  • Current treatments have limitations for managing severe asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review steroid-sparing and alternative agents for difficult asthma.
  • To discuss the efficacy and limitations of current and emerging therapies.
  • To explore future directions in difficult asthma management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on asthma pharmacotherapy.
  • Analysis of conventional immunosuppressants, leukotriene receptor antagonists, and novel targeted agents.
  • Discussion of emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Conventional immunosuppressants (methotrexate, gold, cyclosporin A) have limited application.
  • Leukotriene receptor antagonists offer modest steroid-sparing effects.
  • New agents targeting IgE, cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules show promise.
  • Future strategies may include immunotherapy and airway remodeling interventions.

Conclusions:

  • No single alternative agent has proven highly effective for all difficult asthma cases.
  • Targeted therapies represent a significant advancement in managing severe asthma.
  • Future research should focus on immunotherapy and airway remodeling for improved patient outcomes.