Multiloculated peritoneal inclusion cysts with splenic involvement: a case report

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Pathology
• Abdominal Imaging
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Multilocular peritoneal inclusion cysts (MPICs) are benign, fluid-filled lesions typically found in the abdominal and pelvic cavities of women of reproductive age.
• MPICs are widely believed to arise secondary to an inflammatory process, often associated with prior pelvic surgery, endometriosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
• Clinical presentation commonly includes chronic abdominal or pelvic pain, with diagnosis often established via imaging modalities such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT).

Observation:

• This report details a unique case of a pregnant female diagnosed with a rare MPIC.
• The MPIC in this case exhibited an unusual involvement of the spleen and peritoneum.
• The patient presented with symptoms consistent with MPIC, necessitating further investigation during pregnancy.

Findings:

• The diagnosis of MPIC was confirmed through imaging and, potentially, histopathological examination.
• The case underscores the variability in MPIC presentation and location, extending to splenic involvement.
• Management strategies for symptomatic MPICs, including surgical intervention, were considered in the context of pregnancy.

Implications:

• This case expands the understanding of MPIC's anatomical distribution and biological behavior.
• It highlights the importance of considering MPIC in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in pregnant women.
• Current therapeutic recommendations, primarily surgical excision for symptomatic cases, are discussed in relation to this rare presentation.