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Updated: Jun 25, 2026
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Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
Published on: March 14, 2011
Regulation of the immune response by antigen
R M Zinkernagel1, H Hengartner
1Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 14, 2001
Summary
Understanding T and B lymphocyte responses to infection requires careful experimental design. Key factors like antigen structure, dose, and availability critically regulate immune responses and pathogen protection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Disease Research
Background:
- T and B lymphocytes follow specific rules when responding to infection.
- Accurate assessment of immune responses is method-dependent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss parameters influencing the accurate measurement of immune responses.
- To relate experimental assessment to protection against pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Discussion of experimental methodologies for assessing lymphocyte responses.
- Analysis of antigen-specific and receptor-specific parameters.
Main Results:
- Antigen structure, localization, dose, and availability are key regulators of immune responses.
- Methodology significantly impacts the accurate measurement of immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Precise experimental design is crucial for understanding lymphocyte function during infection.
- Optimizing antigen presentation is vital for eliciting protective immune responses.
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