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The effect of two additive solutions on the postthaw storage of RBCs
J R Hess1, H R Hill, C K Oliver
1Blood Research Detachment, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA. John.Hess@na.amedd.army.mil
Transfusion
|July 14, 2001
Summary
Automated sterile deglycerolization of red blood cells (RBCs) is effective, but storage solutions need reformulation. Adjusting pH and osmolality in additive solutions (ASs) is crucial for maintaining RBC quality during extended post-thaw storage.
Area of Science:
- Blood banking and transfusion medicine
- Cryopreservation of biological materials
- Red blood cell (RBC) storage
Background:
- Sterile systems enable red blood cell (RBC) storage beyond 24 hours post-glycerol removal.
- Assessing additive solutions (ASs) for maintaining deglycerolized RBCs is critical for extending shelf-life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of two additive solutions (AS-3 and EAS-61) in preserving deglycerolized RBCs after cryopreservation.
- To determine the impact of different AS volumes and pH on RBC quality during extended storage.
Main Methods:
- Red blood cell (RBC) units were cryopreserved, thawed, and sterilely deglycerolized using an automated system (H215).
- Deglycerolized RBCs were stored for 5 weeks in AS-3 or EAS-61 (100 or 200 mL).
- Weekly analysis included chemical assays and morphometric evaluation of RBCs.
Main Results:
- Glycerolization/deglycerolization reduced RBC pH to ~6.4, impacting metabolic activity.
- Acidic AS-3 decreased glucose consumption, lactate formation, and ATP levels.
- Alkaline EAS-61 improved these parameters, but hypotonicity led to swelling and hemolysis.
Conclusions:
- Automated sterile glycerolization/deglycerolization is feasible but requires optimized storage solutions.
- Reformulating wash solutions to increase pH (e.g., with disodium phosphate/sodium bicarbonate) is recommended.
- Matching osmolality and utilizing alkaline ASs are key for extended post-thaw RBC storage.