Cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema after lower root canal therapy

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Oral Surgery
• Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

• Subcutaneous emphysema is a condition where air enters the tissues beneath the skin.
• It is often associated with the use of high-speed rotary instruments near open wounds.
• The face and neck are particularly susceptible due to the anatomical spaces present.

Observation:

• A patient developed cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema after undergoing lower tooth root canal therapy.
• The emphysema involved the tissues of the neck and face.
• This complication arose despite the procedure not directly involving external trauma or open wounds.

Findings:

• The introduction of air into subcutaneous and facial spaces during dental procedures can lead to emphysema.
• Root canal therapy, particularly when using rotary instruments, presents a potential risk factor.
• The anatomical proximity of dental structures to facial planes facilitates air dissection.

Implications:

• Dental practitioners should be aware of the potential for subcutaneous emphysema during root canal treatments.
• Careful technique and instrument selection may help mitigate this risk.
• Prompt recognition and management are essential for patient recovery.