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Related Experiment Videos

Bone density, dynamic joint loading and joint degeneration. A review.

D E Hurwitz1, D R Sumner, J A Block

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush Medical College of Rush University, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago Ill. 60612, USA. dhurwitz@rush.edu

Cells, Tissues, Organs
|July 17, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Elevated bone density and increased joint loading may contribute to osteoarthritis progression. Studies show higher bone density and joint loads accelerate osteoarthritis, but their interaction remains unclear.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease.
  • Increased joint loading and elevated bone density are implicated in OA initiation and progression.
  • Total hip replacement (THR) for end-stage OA provides a unique model to study OA development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on joint loading, bone density, and OA.
  • To present recent findings on the relationship between bone density, joint loading, and OA progression in THR patients.
  • To highlight unanswered questions regarding the interaction of these factors in OA pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review.
  • Analysis of radiographic and gait data from cohorts undergoing THR for unilateral OA.

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  • Longitudinal assessment of joint space narrowing rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Radiographic signs of early OA in asymptomatic contralateral hips correlate with increased bone mineral density (BMD) and OA-typical gait adaptations.
    • Elevated BMD is associated with accelerated joint space narrowing.
    • Elevated hip joint loads during gait are also linked to accelerated joint space narrowing.

    Conclusions:

    • Bone density and joint loading are significant factors in OA progression.
    • These factors appear to accelerate joint degeneration independently.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the interplay between bone density and joint loading in OA development.