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Changes in gelsolin expression during ascidian metamorphosis.

Y Ohtsuka1, Y Okamura, T Obinata

  • 1Biomolecular Engineering Department, National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, AIST, Higashi 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan. yohtsuka@nibh.go.jp

Development Genes and Evolution
|July 17, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Gelsolin, an actin regulatory protein, plays a key role in ascidian development. Its expression shifts from nerve cells in larvae to mesodermal tunic cells during metamorphosis, aiding cell migration and morphogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gelsolin is an actin regulatory protein found in various tissues, particularly muscle and blood cells.
  • Its function during significant structural changes like metamorphosis and regeneration is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns and potential roles of gelsolin during ascidian embryogenesis and metamorphosis.
  • To understand gelsolin's involvement in cell differentiation and tissue remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nucleic acid probes and a specific monoclonal antibody (AS23) to detect gelsolin expression.
  • Analyzed gelsolin localization in various developmental stages, including larval and metamorphosing ascidians.
  • Investigated the effect of cytochalasin B on cell migration.

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Main Results:

  • Gelsolin is maternally provided, with de novo transcription starting at the neurula stage.
  • Larval expression is observed in specific nerve cells (adhesive papillae, motor neurons, epidermal sensory neurons).
  • During metamorphosis, gelsolin expression decreases in nerve tissues and increases in mesodermal tissues, accumulating in mesenchyme cells before tunic differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Gelsolin expression is dynamically regulated during ascidian development, shifting from neural to mesodermal tissues during metamorphosis.
  • Gelsolin's presence in tunic cells, colocalized with actin, suggests a role in actin filament rearrangement for cell migration and morphogenesis.
  • Cytochalasin B inhibits mesenchyme cell migration into the tunic, further supporting gelsolin's involvement in actin-dependent cell movement.