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Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles

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Published on: January 15, 2013

Jamming phase diagram for attractive particles.

V Trappe¹, V Prasad, L Cipelletti

¹Department of Physics and DEAS, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

|July 19, 2001

Summary

This study reveals that attractive forces in colloidal systems mimic pressure, leading to a fluid-to-solid jamming transition. These findings unify concepts like gelation and aggregation within a broader jamming phase diagram.

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Area of Science:

* Physics
* Materials Science
* Colloid Science

Background:

* Many systems transition from fluid-like to solid-like states via dynamic arrest.
* This jamming phenomenon is driven by particle crowding and kinetic trapping.
* Attractive interactions were hypothesized to influence jamming similarly to pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

* To experimentally investigate the fluid-to-solid transition in weakly attractive colloidal particles.
* To determine if attractive interactions can be integrated into a generalized jamming phase diagram.
* To explore the relationship between gelation, glass transition, and aggregation in colloidal systems.

Main Methods:

* Experimental study of colloidal particle systems with weak attractive forces.
* Observation of fluid-to-solid transitions induced by changes in concentration, thermalization, and applied stress.
* Analysis of gelation behavior and structural changes during the transition.

Main Results:

* Weakly attractive colloidal particles exhibit gelation behavior analogous to jamming.
* Increasing particle concentration and decreasing thermalization or stress promote the fluid-to-solid transition.
* The experimental results support the concept of a jamming phase diagram for attractive systems.

Conclusions:

* Attractive interactions in colloidal systems effectively act as a confining pressure, inducing jamming.
* A unifying jamming phase diagram can describe transitions in both repulsive and attractive colloidal systems.
* This work provides a link between distinct phenomena such as glass transition, gelation, and aggregation.