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Carbohydrate self-recognition mediates marine sponge cellular adhesion.

S R Haseley1, H J Vermeer, J P Kamerling

  • 1Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.075, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 19, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Marine sponges use specific carbohydrate self-recognition for cellular adhesion. This study reveals a sulfated disaccharide is key to the calcium-dependent adhesion process in Microciona prolifera.

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Intramolecular carbohydrate-protein interaction.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2003

Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Cellular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sponges (Porifera) are early multicellular organisms crucial for studying cell recognition.
  • Cellular adhesion in sponges involves proteoglycan-like aggregation factors (AFs).
  • Calcium-dependent AF self-association is a key adhesion event, potentially involving carbohydrate self-recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of specific carbohydrate epitopes in the calcium-dependent cellular adhesion of the sponge Microciona prolifera.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of carbohydrate self-recognition in sponge cell adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a surface plasmon resonance detection system to mimic carbohydrate involvement in M. prolifera cellular adhesion.
  • Analyzed the self-association of specific carbohydrate epitopes, including a sulfated disaccharide and a pyruvylated trisaccharide.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tested the effect of substituting calcium ions with magnesium or manganese ions on carbohydrate interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that self-recognition of a sulfated disaccharide is a primary driver of calcium-dependent cellular adhesion in M. prolifera.
    • Showed that this interaction is specific and not solely based on electrostatic forces, as other sulfated carbohydrates did not self-associate.
    • Confirmed that the interaction is dependent on Ca(2+) ions, as it was abolished by substitution with Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions.

    Conclusions:

    • Confirmed the existence of true carbohydrate self-recognition in sponge cellular adhesion.
    • Highlighted the significant role of a specific sulfated disaccharide in the calcium-dependent adhesion mechanism.
    • Suggested that these findings have implications for understanding carbohydrate roles in cellular recognition across higher organisms.