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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
Fluctuations in stationary nonequilibrium states of irreversible processes
L Bertini1, A De Sole, D Gabrielli
1Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Piazza A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy.
Abstract:
We formulate a dynamical fluctuation theory for stationary nonequilibrium states (SNS) which covers situations in a nonlinear hydrodynamic regime and is verified explicitly in stochastic models of interacting particles. In our theory a crucial role is played by the time reversed dynamics. Our results include the modification of the Onsager-Machlup theory in the SNS, a general Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the macroscopic entropy and a nonequilibrium, nonlinear fluctuation dissipation relation valid for a wide class of systems.
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