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Impaired glucose metabolism predicts mortality after a myocardial infarction

J Bolk1, T van der Ploeg, J H Cornel

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Postbus 501, 1800 AM Alkmaar, The Netherlands.

International Journal of Cardiology
|July 20, 2001
PubMed

Insights

High admission glucose levels, even without diagnosed diabetes, predict higher mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This highlights the importance of blood sugar control in heart attack patients for improved survival outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for increased mortality following myocardial infarction.
  • The impact of hyperglycemia during the acute phase of myocardial infarction on mortality is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relationship between admission plasma glucose levels and mortality in patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study of 336 consecutive AMI patients, categorized into four groups based on WHO glucose criteria.
  • Long-term follow-up was conducted, with an average follow-up of 14.2 months.
  • Multivariate analysis was used to assess the independent effect of glucose levels on mortality.

Main Results:

  • The one-year mortality rate was 19.3%, increasing to 44% in patients with glucose levels >11.1 mmol/l.
  • Mortality was significantly higher in diabetic patients (40%) compared to non-diabetic patients (16%).
  • Admission plasma glucose level was found to be an independent predictor of one-year mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Admission plasma glucose level independently predicts one-year mortality after AMI, irrespective of diagnosed diabetes.
  • Elevated glucose levels in AMI patients are associated with increased mortality.
  • Further research into acute insulin interventions to reduce mortality in these patients is warranted.

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