Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated in Poland from 1998 to 1999
J Szych1, A Cieślik, J Paciorek
1Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska Street 24, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland. jszych@pzh.gov.pl
Abstract:
A total of 326 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains representing 29 serotypes, isolated from human stool specimens during 1998-1999 in sanitary-epidemiological units in Poland were tested for antibiotic susceptibility by a standard disk diffusion method. The antibiotics used were ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, furazolidone, cotrimoxazole, sulphonamides and trimethoprim. In addition, 201 strains belonging to the five most commonly isolated serotypes (S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Hadar, S. Infantis and S. Virchow) also had minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined for amoxycillin/clavulanic acid. Selected strains were screened for production of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). There were 49.4% of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains resistant to two or more antibiotics, with the highest prevalence of multiple resistant strains among serotypes Typhimurium, Hadar and Virchow. Resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, furazolidone and sulphonamides occurred most frequently. Over 93% of S. Virchow strains were resistant to furazolidone. No strains resistant to ciprofloxacin by disk-diffusion method were detected but 31.3% of isolates of the 201 strains representing the five most common serotypes had reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility (MICs ranging 0.125-0.5 mg/l). One strain (S. Mbandaka) was resistant to cefotaxime and produced ESBL.
Insights
Most Salmonella enterica strains show resistance to multiple antibiotics, particularly ampicillin and tetracycline. Some strains exhibit reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, highlighting the need for ongoing antibiotic resistance monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Salmonella enterica is a significant foodborne pathogen.
- Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella poses a growing public health threat.
- Monitoring resistance patterns is crucial for effective treatment and control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella enterica strains isolated in Poland.
- To identify prevalent serotypes and their resistance profiles.
- To screen for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production.
Main Methods:
- Disk diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing.
- Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination for amoxycillin/clavulanic acid.
- Screening for ESBL production in selected strains.
Main Results:
- 49.4% of Salmonella enterica strains were resistant to two or more antibiotics.
- Highest multi-resistance observed in serotypes Typhimurium, Hadar, and Virchow.
- High resistance rates to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, furazolidone, and sulphonamides.
- Over 93% of S. Virchow strains resistant to furazolidone.
- 31.3% of common serotypes showed reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility.
- One S. Mbandaka strain produced ESBL and was resistant to cefotaxime.
Conclusions:
- Multiple antibiotic resistance is common in Salmonella enterica strains in Poland.
- Emerging resistance to fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin is a concern.
- ESBL production, though rare, was detected in one strain.
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