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[Colonoscopy. Analysis of 2,000 procedures]
A Unzueta-Hebert1, E Villanueva-Sáenz, J L Rocha-Ramírez
1Departamento de Cirugía de Colon y Recto, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Background:
During the last 3 decades, colonoscopy has become the diagnostic study with greatest sensitivity and acuity in colonic pathology.
Aims:
To know the most frequent diagnostic and colonoscopic disorders, and the pathology found, to establish certainty of the colonoscopic procedure.
Method:
Between 1987 and 1997, a descriptive, transversal, retrospective and observational study of the 2,000 colonoscopies that were carried out at on service was done, making a registry of the endoscopic search in colorectal pathology and their characteristics in on patients.
Results:
Colonoscopies were done in 967 men (47.3%) and 1,053 women (52.6%) with a median age of 55.8 years (10 range (-) 93 years). In 1,780 of them (89.%), it was possible to arrive to cecum; 1,150 (57.5%) were pathologic. The most frequent finding was hemorrhage of the lower digestive tube in 525 (26.2%) patients; in addition cancer in 402 (20.1%), suspicion of intestinal inflammatory disease 292 (14.6%) and colorectal polyps 199 (10%) were found. The most frequent endoscopic diagnosis was colorectal polyps in 405 (35.7%) patients; in additions diverticular disease was found in 404 (35.1%) patients intestinal inflammatory disease in 185 (16%), colorectal cancer in 85 (7.4%), and vascular ectasias in 52 (4.5%) patients. There were four complicated cases (0.25%), three by resolved therapeutic colonoscopy and one diagnostically.
Conclusion:
The most frequent colonoscopic were findings hemorrhage of the lower digestive tube and the finding of cancer. The most frequent diagnoses were colorectal polyps and diverticular disease. Colonoscopy is a safe diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.