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Development of layer I neurons in the primate cerebral cortex.

N Zecevic1, P Rakic

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-3401, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|July 24, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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In macaque monkeys, primate cerebral cortex Layer I neurons are generated throughout gestation. Large Cajal-Retzius cells appear first, followed by smaller GABAergic neurons from diverse sources.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Primate Neurodevelopment

Background:

  • Layer I of the cerebral cortex is crucial for cortical development and shows expanded size and diversity in primates.
  • Understanding the developmental timeline and cellular origins of Layer I neurons is key to comprehending primate cortical evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental timeline and cellular origins of neurons in Layer I of the macaque monkey cerebral cortex.
  • To compare primate Layer I neurogenesis with that observed in rodents.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized [(3)H]thymidine ([(3)H]TdR) labeling to track neuronal generation during corticogenesis.
  • Performed ultrastructural analysis to examine the morphology and network formation of Cajal-Retzius cells.
  • Investigated the origins of late-generated Layer I neurons through anatomical tracing and cellular analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Layer I neurons in macaque monkeys are generated throughout the 2-month corticogenesis period, unlike in rodents.
  • Large, reelin- and calretinin-positive Cajal-Retzius cells are generated early (embryonic day 38-50), forming a distinct network.
  • Smaller, GABAergic neurons are generated later (embryonic day 43 onwards) and originate from external sources, including the olfactory primordium, ganglionic eminence, and a subpial granular layer.

Conclusions:

  • Primate Layer I neurogenesis is prolonged and involves distinct temporal and cellular origins for different neuron types.
  • The diverse origins and differential production rates of Layer I neurons suggest specialized roles in primate cortical function.