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Plasma isocitrate dehydrogenase as a marker of centrilobular hepatic necrosis in patients with hyperthyroidism

Y H Chung1, S A Jung, B C Song

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|July 27, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Plasma Isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) levels and ICDH/ALT ratios are elevated in hyperthyroidism patients, suggesting ICDH may help monitor liver necrosis. This finding aids in distinguishing liver injury types.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hepatology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Liver injury can manifest as centrilobular or periportal necrosis.
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) has shown potential in differentiating these patterns in animal models.
  • Hyperthyroidism can be associated with liver dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate plasma ICDH as a marker for centrilobular necrosis in hyperthyroid patients.
  • To compare ICDH and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in hyperthyroidism, chronic viral hepatitis (CVH), and controls.
  • To assess the utility of the ICDH/ALT ratio in diagnosing liver injury in hyperthyroidism.

Main Methods:

  • Measured plasma ICDH and ALT activities in 56 hyperthyroid patients, 16 CVH patients, and 17 controls.
  • Analyzed differences in enzyme levels and ratios between groups.
  • Correlated ICDH and ALT levels within patient cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Plasma ICDH levels were significantly higher in hyperthyroid patients compared to CVH patients and controls (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001).
  • ALT levels were higher in CVH patients than in hyperthyroid patients (p < 0.01).
  • The ICDH/ALT ratio was significantly higher in hyperthyroid patients than in CVH patients (p < 0.0001).
  • ICDH levels decreased to normal as thyroid function and ALT normalized in a hyperthyroid patient.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma ICDH and the ICDH/ALT ratio may serve as valuable biomarkers for identifying and monitoring hepatic necrosis in hyperthyroidism.
  • These markers could aid in differentiating centrilobular from periportal necrosis.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in larger patient cohorts.

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