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Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity (AIDN): A Translational Neuroscience Approach
06:38

Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity (AIDN): A Translational Neuroscience Approach

Published on: June 11, 2017

Pediatric neuroanesthesia. Hydrocephalus

R K Hamid1, P Newfield

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA.

Anesthesiology Clinics of North America
|July 27, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Hydrocephalus, a common neurosurgical condition, involves cerebrospinal fluid buildup due to blockages. Treatment requires surgical shunts, with anesthesia focusing on managing intracranial pressure and preventing aspiration.

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Hydrocephalus is a frequent neurosurgical disorder in adults and children.
  • It is characterized by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid accumulation in the brain's ventricles.
  • This condition arises from cerebrospinal fluid flow obstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the causes and common treatments for hydrocephalus.
  • To highlight key anesthetic considerations for surgical intervention.
  • To emphasize the importance of managing intracranial pressure and aspiration risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common causes including congenital issues, hemorrhage, infection, tumors, and neural tube defects.
  • Description of surgical shunt implantation for cerebrospinal fluid drainage.
  • Discussion of anesthetic management strategies like rapid-sequence induction and hyperventilation.

Main Results:

  • Surgical shunts are the primary treatment for hydrocephalus.
  • Anesthetic management must address increased intracranial pressure.
  • Preventing aspiration is critical during surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrocephalus necessitates surgical intervention with shunt systems.
  • Careful anesthetic management is crucial for patient safety.
  • Decompression of ventricles guides anesthetic protocols.

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