Proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis in 22 horses

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Surgery
• Equine Orthopedics
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Pastern arthrodesis is a common procedure in horses to address chronic osteoarthritis or acute injuries of the pastern joint.
• Current fixation techniques can lead to complications such as excessive bone growth and prolonged healing times.
• Optimizing internal fixation is crucial for improving outcomes and reducing recovery periods in equine athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate a novel internal fixation technique for pastern arthrodesis in horses.
• To compare the efficacy of a combined fixation method (screws and dynamic compression plate) versus screws alone.
• To assess outcomes including time in cast, return to intended use, and complications.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective review of 22 horses undergoing pastern arthrodesis at Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital.
• Comparison of two fixation techniques: lag screw fixation alone versus combined lag screws and a dynamic compression plate.
• Evaluation of parameters: period in cast, time to return to soundness, complications, and overall outcome.

Main Results:

• The combination technique resulted in a decreased period in cast and faster return to soundness compared to screws alone.
• Seven of eight hindlimbs and three of six forelimbs treated with the combination technique achieved soundness.
• Four of five hindlimbs and one of two forelimbs treated with screws only returned to intended use.

Conclusions:

• The combination of parallel lag screw technique with a dorsally applied dynamic compression plate offers the most stable fixation for pastern arthrodesis.
• This technique minimizes motion, expedites bone remodeling, and favors rapid joint fusion.
• The combined fixation method shows promise in improving recovery times and outcomes for equine pastern arthrodesis.