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Early endothelial changes in experimental primate atherosclerosis.

A A Trillo, R W Prichard

    Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
    |October 1, 1979
    PubMed
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    Cholesterol-fed monkeys show increased Weibel-Palade bodies in aortic tissues, suggesting their role in early atherosclerosis. Researchers observed potential transendothelial transport mechanisms in these lesions.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Biology
    • Atherosclerosis Research
    • Endothelial Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid deposition and plaque formation in arteries.
    • The early cellular and molecular events leading to atherosclerotic lesion development remain incompletely understood.
    • African green monkeys serve as a valuable model for studying human cardiovascular diseases due to physiological similarities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ultrastructural changes in aortic tissues of cholesterol-fed African green monkeys.
    • To identify potential cellular mechanisms involved in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesions.
    • To explore the role of Weibel-Palade bodies and transendothelial transport in early atherogenesis.

    Main Methods:

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    • Light and electron microscopy were used to examine aortic tissue samples.
    • Tissues from cholesterol-fed monkeys were compared with control samples from monkeys on a normal diet.
    • Specific attention was paid to intimal elevations and endothelial cell morphology.

    Main Results:

    • Intimal elevations in experimental animals showed fatty dots and focal intimal edema.
    • A significant increase in Weibel-Palade bodies was observed in endothelial cells of cholesterol-fed monkeys.
    • Evidence suggested release of Weibel-Palade body contents into the lumen and formation of transendothelial channels.

    Conclusions:

    • Weibel-Palade bodies may play a crucial role in the early pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions.
    • Transendothelial channels might facilitate the transport of substances across the endothelium during atherogenesis.
    • These findings provide insights into the initial cellular responses to hyperlipidemia in the aorta.