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Related Experiment Videos

Interleukin-18 in human milk.

Y Takahata1, H Takada, A Nomura

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.

Pediatric Research
|July 31, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is significantly higher in colostrum, especially with preterm delivery or maternal complications. This cytokine in breast milk may enhance immune defense for vulnerable newborns.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neonatal Care
  • Human Milk Composition

Background:

  • Human milk contains various bioactive components crucial for infant development and immunity.
  • Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine with known roles in immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and analyze Interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels in different stages of human milk.
  • To investigate the correlation between IL-18 levels and maternal/neonatal factors.
  • To determine the cellular source of IL-18 in the lactating mammary gland.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of IL-18 concentrations in colostrum, early milk, and mature milk.
  • Stepwise multiple linear regression to identify correlating factors.
  • Immunohistochemical staining to localize IL-18 in mammary gland tissue.

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Main Results:

  • Colostrum exhibited significantly higher IL-18 levels than early and mature milk.
  • Maternal preterm delivery and pregnancy complications were significantly correlated with elevated milk IL-18.
  • A significant positive correlation was observed between IL-18 and soluble Fas ligand in colostrum.
  • IL-18 was localized to actively secreting epithelial cells in the mammary gland.

Conclusions:

  • IL-18 is a key component of colostrum, with levels influenced by maternal health and delivery conditions.
  • The presence of IL-18 in colostrum suggests a role in neonatal host defense, particularly for high-risk infants.
  • IL-18 may contribute to the immune-protective properties of colostrum for vulnerable neonates.