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Instrumented personal exercise during long-duration space flights.

C F Sawin, J A Rummel, E L Michel

    Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
    |April 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Astronauts maintained aerobic fitness during long-duration spaceflight. Post-mission testing showed improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) after 84 days in zero gravity.

    Area of Science:

    • Space Medicine
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Human Physiology in Space

    Background:

    • Extended exposure to microgravity can lead to physiological deconditioning.
    • Assessing cardiovascular and metabolic responses to exercise is crucial for astronaut health during long space missions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the physiological responses to maximal aerobic exercise in astronauts after prolonged spaceflight.
    • To determine aerobic fitness levels (VO2max) following an 84-day mission in zero gravity.

    Main Methods:

    • Instrumented personal exercise was conducted in-flight using a cycle ergometer.
    • Continuous monitoring of vectorcardiograph heart rate, workload, oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and ventilation (VE) was performed.
    • Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at minute intervals.

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    Main Results:

    • All Skylab 4 crew members exhibited higher maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) post-mission compared to pre-flight levels.
    • Two crew members demonstrated high aerobic fitness, achieving VO2max values of 54 and 51 cc/kg/min at a workload of 286 W and heart rate of 185 bpm.

    Conclusions:

    • Astronauts can maintain or improve aerobic capacity despite prolonged exposure to microgravity.
    • Intensive exercise protocols are effective in preserving cardiovascular health and aerobic fitness during extended space missions.