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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin of...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
08:06

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement

Published on: January 19, 2017

DNA replication origins: from sequence specificity to epigenetics.

M Méchali1

  • 1Marcel Méchali is at the Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, Genome Dynamics and Development, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France. mechali@igh.cnrs.fr

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|August 3, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA replication origins establish stable chromatin domains for gene expression and cell diversity. This epigenetic model explains how replication origins function in multicellular organisms.

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G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
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G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
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Published on: January 19, 2017

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • DNA replication initiation is crucial for cell division and is conserved across organisms.
  • While replication origins are sequence-specific in prokaryotes (e.g., Escherichia coli) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), their precise identification in multicellular organisms remains challenging.
  • Understanding replication origin function is key to comprehending genome stability and cellular processes.

Discussion:

  • Presents a novel model for DNA replication origin specification in multicellular organisms.
  • Proposes that epigenetic mechanisms, rather than solely sequence specificity, define replication origins.
  • Links the establishment of replication origins to the formation of stable chromatin domains with autonomous replication capabilities.

Key Insights:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms play a significant role in specifying DNA replication origins in higher organisms.
  • Replication origins are integral to establishing and maintaining chromatin domains.
  • These chromatin domains, defined by replication origins, are critical for regulating gene expression and generating cellular diversity.

Outlook:

  • This model provides a framework for investigating replication origin function in complex genomes.
  • Further research can explore the specific epigenetic marks involved in origin specification.
  • The findings have implications for understanding developmental biology and diseases related to replication and gene regulation.