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Intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-infected children with acute and chronic diarrhea

S Leelayoova1, N Vithayasai, V Watanaveeradej

  • 1Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.

The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health
|August 4, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Microsporidia is a common intestinal parasite in HIV-positive children, especially those with diarrhea. Early detection and treatment of this microsporidiosis are crucial for patient benefit.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection compromises the immune system, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections.
  • Intestinal parasitic infections are a significant cause of morbidity in immunocompromised individuals, particularly children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of intestinal microsporidiosis in hospitalized HIV-positive children in Bangkok, Thailand.
  • To determine the association between intestinal microsporidiosis and diarrhea in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving hospitalized HIV-positive children with and without diarrhea.
  • Identification of microsporidial spores using calcofluor fluorescent and gram-chromotrope stains.
  • Confirmation of Microsporidia by electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Microsporidia was identified as a common protozoan pathogen, with a prevalence of 7.1%, similar to Cryptosporidium parvum.
  • Microsporidiosis was significantly more prevalent in HIV-positive children experiencing diarrhea.
  • The infection was observed in children with both acute and chronic diarrhea.

Conclusions:

  • Microsporidia is an important intestinal pathogen in HIV-infected children.
  • Early diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis is beneficial due to its treatable nature.
  • Routine screening for Microsporidia should be considered in HIV-positive children presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms.

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