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Structural Isomerism

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Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Josephson junction arrays with Bose-Einstein condensates.

F S Cataliotti¹, S Burger, C Fort

¹European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS) and, Istituto Nationale per la Fisica della Materia (INFM), L.go E. Fermi 2, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 4, 2001

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists observed oscillating atomic currents in a Bose-Einstein condensate Josephson junction array. This provides a new method to measure critical currents and explore quantum phenomena.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Atomic physics
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Josephson junctions are key in superconductivity.
Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) offer a controllable quantum system.
Previous studies lacked direct observation of atomic Josephson effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To directly observe oscillating atomic currents in a 1D array of Josephson junctions.
To measure the Josephson critical current in an atomic system.
To explore new quantum phenomena using BECs.

Main Methods:

Creation of a 1D array of Josephson junctions using a laser standing wave.
Trapping Bose-Einstein condensates in the potential valleys.
Probing coherence via atomic interference and measuring oscillation frequencies.

Main Results:

Direct observation of oscillating atomic currents.
The oscillation frequency squared is proportional to the microscopic tunneling rate.
Demonstrated a direct measurement of the Josephson critical current versus barrier height.

Conclusions:

The superfluid array enables new investigations beyond superconducting Josephson junctions.
This work bridges condensate dynamics with discrete nonlinear media physics.
Provides a novel platform for studying quantum phenomena.