Capillary electrophoretic separation of protease inhibitors used in human immunodeficiency virus therapy

The scope of this work was to investigate the migration behavior of the currently used protease inhibitors for antiretroviral therapy of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and to develop a method for their capillary electrophoretic separation and determination. All of the protease inhibitors (indinavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, and ritonavir) contain at least one basic amino functional group. As a consequence, they can be separated by capillary zone electrophoresis using acidic buffer electrolytes. A fast electroosmotic flow is established in order to increase separation speed, by adding a cationic electroosmotic flow modifier to the electrolyte. After using conventional serum pretreatment procedures it is possible to separate all five protease inhibitors within less than 5 min. In addition, a non-aqueous CE method is also presented which enables the separation of three protease inhibitor compounds within less than 3 min.