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Related Experiment Videos

Amorphous calcium precipitations in human aortic valve.

K M Kim, B F Trump

    Calcified Tissue Research
    |July 25, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human aortic valve calcifications contain spheroidal, granular, and fibrillar particles. These particles, likely amorphous calcium phosphate, may precede hydroxyapatite crystal formation in calcified valves.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomineralization
    • Pathology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Aortic valve calcification is a common pathological process.
    • The mineral composition of calcified aortic valves is not fully understood.
    • Previous studies identified amorphous calcium phosphate in synthetic preparations and bone.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the morphology and potential composition of particles in human aortic valve calcifications.
    • To investigate the relationship between different particle types and hydroxyapatite formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Observation of spheroidal, granular, and fibrillar particles in human aortic valve calcifications using electron microscopy.
    • Comparison of observed particles with synthetic amorphous calcium phosphate and bone.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of particle associations with hydroxyapatite crystals.

    • Main Results:

    • Spheroidal, granular, and fibrillar particles were identified in human aortic valve calcifications.
    • Spheroidal particles resembled synthetic amorphous calcium phosphate.
    • The presence of needle-shaped hydroxyapatite crystals alongside granular and fibrillar particles suggested these were amorphous calcium phosphate precursors.
    • All observed particle types exhibited secondary laminated and spherular formations and lacked crystalline patterns via electron diffraction.

    Conclusions:

    • Human aortic valve calcifications contain amorphous calcium phosphate in various forms (spheroidal, granular, fibrillar).
    • These amorphous calcium phosphate particles are likely precursors to hydroxyapatite crystal formation in aortic valve calcification.
    • The non-crystalline nature and secondary formations of these particles are characteristic features in this pathological context.