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AC133 antigen as a prognostic factor in acute leukemia
1Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-ku Shinchon-dong 134, PO Box 8044, 120-752, Seoul, South Korea.
Leukemia Research
|August 8, 2001
Summary
AC133 antigen expression on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts correlates with higher relapse rates and shorter disease-free survival. This finding suggests AC133 may aid in prognostic stratification for acute leukemia patients.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- AC133 is a transmembrane antigen found on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and certain leukemias.
- The clinical significance of AC133 expression on leukemic blasts remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of AC133 antigen on acute leukemia blast cells.
- To determine the clinical significance of AC133 expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 41 acute leukemia cases using multicolor flow cytometry for AC133 and CD34 expression.
- Correlated AC133 expression with other cell surface markers and clinical prognostic factors.
- Assessed clinical outcomes including complete remission (CR), relapse rates, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS).
Main Results:
- AC133 was expressed in 38.9% of AML and 30% of ALL cases.
- All AC133-positive leukemias expressed CD34.
- AC133 expression in AML was associated with significantly higher 1-year relapse rates and shorter DFS.
- No significant differences in CR or OS were observed between AC133-positive and negative groups in AML or ALL.
Conclusions:
- AC133 expression on AML blasts is linked to poorer clinical outcomes, specifically increased early relapse and reduced DFS.
- AC133 may serve as a prognostic marker for acute leukemia.
- Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate the impact of AC133 on therapeutic outcomes in adult acute leukemia.