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EBV-specific CD8+ T cell memory: relationships between epitope specificity, cell phenotype, and immediate effector

A D Hislop1, N H Gudgeon, M F Callan

  • 1Cancer Research Campaign Institute for Cancer Studies, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|August 8, 2001
PubMed
Summary

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection generates CD8+ T cell memory. Both lytic and latent epitopes induce memory cells with immediate cytotoxic and cytokine functions, distributed broadly among effector memory subsets lacking CCR7.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection establishes long-term CD8+ T cell memory.
  • This memory response targets viral antigens from both lytic and latent phases.
  • Understanding the phenotype and function of these memory T cells is crucial for immune response analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the phenotype and function of CD8+ T cell memory specific to EBV lytic and latent epitopes.
  • To determine the distribution of cytotoxic and cytokine-producing functions across different T cell subsets.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CD8+ T cell memory populations specific for EBV lytic and latent epitopes.
  • Phenotypic characterization using markers like CD45RO, CD45RA, CD28, CD69, CD38, CD27, CD56, and CCR7.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Ex vivo assessment of epitope-specific cytotoxicity and type 1 cytokine production (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha) via intracellular staining.

    • Main Results:

    • Lytic epitope-specific T cells showed heterogeneous CD45RO/RA and CD28 expression, while latent epitope-specific cells were uniformly CD45RO+ CD28+.
    • Both memory populations exhibited immediate cytotoxicity and type 1 cytokine production.
    • Cytotoxic and cytokine functions were broadly distributed across CD45RO+, CD45RA+, CD28+, and CD28- subsets.
    • CCR7 expression effectively distinguished functional cells, with CCR7- cells showing responsiveness and CCR7+ cells lacking it.

    Conclusions:

    • Effector functions in EBV-specific CD8+ T cell memory are broadly distributed among phenotypically diverse subsets.
    • Loss of CCR7 is a key indicator of functional effector memory cells.
    • These findings contribute to understanding the heterogeneity and functional capacity of virus-specific T cell memory.