Comparison between pancreatoduodenectomy and hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for bile duct cancer

Pancreatoduodenectomy has been accepted as a standard operative procedure for distal bile duct cancer with low operative mortality. However, hepatopancreatoduodenectomy has not been accepted as a standard treatment modality for diffuse bile duct cancer.

From December 12, 1992 to December 15, 2000, 37 patients with the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma (cholangiocarcinoma) underwent pancreatoduodenectomy or hepatopancreatoduodenectomy, at the department of surgery, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital and the Cancer Center. The differences in indications and results of both operative procedures were investigated retrospectively.

Thirty-day operative mortality was 0% after either pancreatoduodenectomy or hepatopancreatoduodenectomy. One- to 5-year cumulative survival rates for the 24 patients after pancreatoduodenectomy were 76.3%, 41.5%, 41.5%, 41.5%, 41.5%, respectively. One- to 4-year cumulative survival rates for the 13 patients after hepatopancreatoduodenectomy were 48.0%, 32.0%, 32.0%, 16.0%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between cumulative survival rates after pancreatoduodenectomy and hepatopancreatoduodenectomy either in all the patients or in patients with UICC stage IV.

Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy should be tried for patients with diffuse bile duct cancer, because only hepatopancreatoduodenectomy has the possibility of a cure at this time.