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Phase ordering in nematic liquid crystals.

C Denniston1, E Orlandini, J M Yeomans

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 11, 2001
PubMed
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This study on liquid crystal phase transitions reveals dynamic scaling laws, unaffected by hydrodynamic flow. Orientational disorder was found to inhibit amplitude ordering in two-dimensional systems.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Soft matter physics

Background:

  • Liquid crystals exhibit phase transitions between ordered nematic and disordered isotropic phases.
  • Understanding the kinetics of these transitions is crucial for materials science and physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic scaling laws governing the nematic-isotropic transition in two-dimensional liquid crystals.
  • To determine the influence of hydrodynamic flow and orientational disorder on the transition kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a lattice Boltzmann scheme to consistently couple the tensor order parameter and hydrodynamic flow.
  • Analyzed the time dependence of correlation functions, energy density, and topological defects.
  • Examined shallow quenches to probe the effects of orientational disorder.

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Main Results:

  • Observed that the time dependences of correlation functions, energy density, and topological defects follow dynamic scaling laws.
  • Growth exponents were found to be approximately 1/2, consistent with simple dimensional analysis.
  • Hydrodynamic flow did not alter these dynamic scaling exponents.
  • Shallow quenches demonstrated that orientational disorder can inhibit amplitude ordering.

Conclusions:

  • The nematic-isotropic transition in 2D liquid crystals adheres to predicted dynamic scaling laws.
  • Hydrodynamic effects do not significantly impact the observed scaling behavior.
  • Orientational disorder plays a key role in modulating the ordering process.