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Universal photonic tunneling time.

S Esposito1

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, Italy. Salvatore.Esposito@na.infn.it

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 11, 2001
PubMed
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Photonic tunneling transit time is approximately universal, but this approximation breaks down for certain optical phenomena. Our findings reveal the limits of this "universality" in photonics.

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Photonic tunneling describes light transmission through evanescent regions.
  • A proposed
  • universality
  • property suggests transit time is inversely proportional to photon frequency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive general analytic expressions for photonic tunneling transit time.
  • To investigate the validity of the proposed
  • universality
  • property across different physical phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of analytic expressions for transit time (tau) in the opaque barrier limit.
  • Analysis of photonic tunneling in scenarios including total internal reflection, quarter-wave photonic band gaps, undersized waveguides, and distributed Bragg reflectors.

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  • Comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental results.

    • Main Results:

    • The
    • universality
    • property (tau proportional to 1/frequency) is an approximation.
    • A correction factor is constant for total internal reflection and quarter-wave photonic band gaps.
    • The correction factor is frequency-dependent for undersized waveguides and distributed Bragg reflectors.

    Conclusions:

    • The approximate
    • universality
    • of photonic tunneling transit time is limited.
    • The derived expressions accurately predict experimental observations.
    • Understanding the range of applicability of the
    • universality
    • property is crucial for precise photonic device design.