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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor01:25

Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor

Moving charges experience a force in a magnetic field. Since the magnetic fields produced by moving charges are proportional to the current, a conductor carrying a current creates a magnetic field around it.
Consider a compass placed near a current-carrying wire. The wire experiences a force that aligns the needle of the compass tangentially around the wire. Thus, the current-carrying wire produces concentric circular loops of magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by a wire can be...
Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example01:22

Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example

In a magnetic field, moving charges encounter a force. If a wire contains these moving charges, i.e., if the wire is carrying a current, then a force acts on the wire as well. Consider a pair of flexible leads holding a wire that is 40 cm long and 10 g in weight in a horizontal position. The wire is placed in a constant magnetic field of 0.40 T, as shown in Figure 1(a). Determine the magnitude and direction of the current flowing in the wire needed to remove the tension in the supporting leads.
Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents01:13

Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents

Two long, straight, and parallel current-carrying conductors exert a force of equal magnitude on one another. The direction of the force depends on the current direction in the conductors.
The force exerted by the magnetic field due to the first conductor over a finite length of the second conductor is given as the product of the current in the second conductor and  the vector product of the length vector along the current element and the field due to the first conductor. According to the...
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...

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High current-carrying capability in c-axis-oriented superconducting MgB2 thin films.

H J Kim1, W N Kang, E M Choi

  • 1National Creative Research Initiative Center for Superconductivity, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.

Physical Review Letters
|August 11, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-quality MgB2 thin films exhibit critical current densities (J(c)) rivaling high-temperature superconductors. These findings suggest MgB2 is a promising material for efficient, high-temperature applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Superconductivity
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Magnesium diboride (MgB2) is a superconductor with a high critical temperature (Tc).
  • Understanding its critical current density (Jc) is crucial for practical applications.
  • High Jc is essential for power transmission and superconducting magnets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the critical current densities (Jc) in c-axis-oriented MgB2 thin films.
  • To assess the potential of MgB2 for practical superconducting applications.
  • To explore the factors contributing to high current-carrying capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of high-quality c-axis-oriented MgB2 thin films.
  • Measurement of critical current densities (Jc) at various temperatures and magnetic fields.
  • Extrapolation of Jc values to lower temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Observed Jc of approximately 16 MA/cm(2) at 15 K under self-fields.
  • Extrapolated Jc at 5 K estimated to be approximately 40 MA/cm(2).
  • Measured Jc of approximately 0.1 MA/cm(2) at 15 K and 5 T magnetic field.

Conclusions:

  • MgB2 thin films demonstrate high current-carrying capabilities comparable to cuprate superconductors.
  • The observed high Jc suggests MgB2 is a promising candidate for practical applications requiring high temperatures and low power consumption.
  • The vortex-glass phase is a potential explanation for the high current-carrying capability.