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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

The Neuromuscular Junction: Measuring Synapse Size, Fragmentation and Changes in Synaptic Protein Density Using Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy
Published on: December 26, 2014
Targeting transcription to the neuromuscular synapse
L Schaeffer1, A de Kerchove d'Exaerde, J P Changeux
1Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA 2182 "Récepteurs et Cognition", Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Cedex 15, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Concomitant with innervation, genes coding for components of the neuromuscular junction become exclusively expressed in subsynaptic nuclei. A six-base pair element, the N box, can confer synapse-specific transcription to the acetylcholine nicotinic receptor delta and epsilon subunit, utrophin, and acetylcholine esterase genes. N box-dependent synaptic expression is stimulated by the nerve-derived signal agrin and the trophic factor neuregulin, which triggers the MAPK and JNK signaling pathways, to ultimately allow activation by the N box binding Ets transcription factor GABP.
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