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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli
08:25

Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli

Published on: March 20, 2016

RNA: guiding gene silencing.

M Matzke1, A J Matzke, J M Kooter

  • 1Institute of Molecular Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. mmatzke@imb.oeaw.ac.at

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 11, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small RNAs from double-stranded RNA trigger gene silencing in diverse organisms. This RNA silencing mechanism affects gene expression post-transcriptionally and epigenetically in plants and animals.

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TRUE Gene Silencing: Screening of a Heptamer-type Small Guide RNA Library for Potential Cancer Therapeutic Agents
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In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
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In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli
08:25

Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli

Published on: March 20, 2016

TRUE Gene Silencing: Screening of a Heptamer-type Small Guide RNA Library for Potential Cancer Therapeutic Agents
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In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Small RNAs are key regulators of gene expression.
  • RNA silencing is a conserved biological process across diverse organisms.
  • Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a precursor for small RNA generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of small RNA-mediated gene silencing.
  • To highlight the role of RNA silencing in epigenetic regulation.
  • To explore the significance of RNA silencing in development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of small RNA biogenesis from dsRNA cleavage.
  • Investigating cytoplasmic and genomic gene silencing pathways.
  • Studying posttranscriptional gene silencing via mRNA degradation.
  • Examining transcriptional gene silencing through DNA methylation in plants.

Main Results:

  • Small RNAs induce epigenetic gene silencing in cytoplasm and at the genome.
  • Small RNAs guide degradation of complementary messenger RNAs.
  • Plants utilize RNA silencing for transcriptional gene silencing via DNA methylation.

Conclusions:

  • RNA silencing is a potent defense against foreign sequences.
  • Small RNA pathways play crucial roles in plant and animal development.
  • Epigenetic modifications are central to RNA-mediated gene regulation.