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Data collection techniques.

G A Morgan1, R J Harmon

  • 1Education and Human Development, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|August 15, 2001
PubMed
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Researchers in applied behavioral sciences use various data collection techniques. Choosing reliable and valid instruments tailored to specific populations and research purposes is crucial for accurate variable assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Applied Behavioral Sciences
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Quantitative and qualitative research approaches utilize diverse methods for variable assessment.
  • Methodological preferences vary, with qualitative researchers favoring open-ended techniques and quantitative researchers often using self-report questionnaires.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of techniques for assessing variables in applied behavioral sciences.
  • To highlight the differential use of methods by quantitative and qualitative researchers.
  • To emphasize the importance of instrument reliability and validity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of data collection techniques in applied behavioral sciences.
  • Comparison of methods favored by quantitative/positivist and qualitative/constructivist researchers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of direct observation versus self-report questionnaires.

    • Main Results:

    • Most assessment techniques are employed by both quantitative and qualitative researchers, albeit to varying degrees.
    • Qualitative researchers lean towards less structured, open-ended data collection.
    • Direct observation is prevalent in experimental and qualitative research, less so in survey research.

    Conclusions:

    • Instrument selection must align with the target population and research objectives.
    • Standardized instruments offer norms and psychometric data, but may require adaptation or revalidation.
    • Researchers may need to develop custom instruments or provide new evidence of reliability and validity for unique contexts.