Antifungal pharmacodynamics: concentration-effect relationships in vitro and in vivo

The pharmacodynamics of antifungal compounds involve relationships among drug concentrations, time, and antimicrobial effects in vitro and in vivo. Beyond better understanding of a drug's mode of action, characterization of these relationships has important implications for setting susceptibility breakpoints, establishing rational dosing regimens, and facilitating drug development. Important advances have been made in the experimental investigation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antifungal drugs; however, much remains to be learned about specific pathogens and specific sites of infection. Increased incorporation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles in experimental and clinical studies with antifungal agents is an important objective that will benefit the treatment and prophylaxis of life-threatening invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients.