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Pentosidine, carotid atherosclerosis and alterations in left ventricular geometry in hemodialysis patients

C Zoccali1, F Mallamaci, K Asahia

  • 1CNR, Centre of Clinical Physiology and Division of Nephrology, Reggio Calabria, Italy. czoccali@diel.it

Journal of Nephrology
|August 17, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are linked to heart geometry changes in dialysis patients, but not arterial damage. This suggests AGEs have complex cardiovascular effects, impacting the heart differently than arteries.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients exhibit accelerated atherosclerosis.
  • Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in ESRD and are implicated in cardiovascular damage.
  • Carbonyl stress, indicated by markers like pentosidine, is a key factor in AGE formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between plasma pentosidine, a marker of AGEs, and cardiovascular damage in hemodialysis patients.
  • To differentiate the impact of AGEs on arterial structures versus cardiac geometry.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety-one hemodialysis patients underwent echocardiography and carotid artery Doppler studies.
  • Plasma pentosidine levels were measured.
  • Associations between pentosidine and intima-media thickness, atherosclerotic plaques, and left ventricular geometry were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Plasma pentosidine levels showed a trend towards being higher in low-flux versus high-flux dialysis patients (P=0.08).
  • Plasma pentosidine was not significantly correlated with intima-media thickness or the number of atherosclerotic plaques.
  • However, plasma pentosidine was independently associated with alterations in left ventricular geometry, including mean wall thickness, relative wall thickness, and left ventricular end-diastolic volume.

Conclusions:

  • Pentosidine, a marker of carbonyl stress, is not associated with arterial damage (intima-media thickness, plaques) in hemodialysis patients.
  • Pentosidine is significantly related to adverse changes in heart geometry.
  • These findings indicate that the cardiovascular effects of AGEs are complex and may affect the heart and arterial system independently.
Abstract

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