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Wine polyphenols decrease blood pressure, improve NO vasodilatation, and induce gene expression.

M Diebolt1, B Bucher, R Andriantsitohaina

  • 1Pharmacologie et Physicochimie des Interactions Cellulaires et Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 7034, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|August 18, 2001
PubMed
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Short-term red wine polyphenols intake lowered blood pressure in rats. This cardiovascular effect involved enhanced blood vessel relaxation and gene expression changes, suggesting a potential for preventing heart disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular research
  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Red wine polyphenols are known for potential health benefits.
  • Understanding their impact on vascular function and gene expression is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of short-term red wine polyphenols on hemodynamic parameters and vascular reactivity in rats.
  • To explore the association between these effects and gene expression in the vascular wall.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were orally administered red wine polyphenolic compounds (20 mg/kg) or glucose for 7 days.
  • Systolic blood pressure, endothelium-dependent relaxation, and vascular smooth muscle contractility were measured.
  • Gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Red wine polyphenols significantly decreased systolic blood pressure starting from day 4.
  • Enhanced endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was observed, linked to increased nitric oxide (NO) activity.
  • Increased expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the aorta was noted, with no overall increase in oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term oral administration of red wine polyphenols reduces blood pressure in normotensive rats.
  • The observed hemodynamic effects are associated with improved endothelial function and specific gene expression changes in the arterial wall.
  • These findings suggest a potential role for red wine polyphenols in cardiovascular disease prevention.