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Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and physical performance during US Army basic training.

L A Sonna1, M A Sharp, J J Knapik

  • 1Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, USA. larry.sonna@na.amedd.army.mil

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|August 18, 2001
PubMed
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Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype does not significantly impact physical fitness in diverse US Army recruits. This study found no strong link between ACE gene variations and aerobic or muscular endurance performance after training.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Human Genetics
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Previous research indicated a link between angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype and enhanced physical performance in elite athletes.
  • The applicability of these findings to broader, more diverse populations remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ACE genotype and physical performance in a heterogeneous population of US Army recruits.
  • To determine if ACE genotype influences changes in aerobic capacity and muscular endurance during basic military training.

Main Methods:

  • ACE genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction on 147 US Army recruits (62 male, 85 female).
  • Peak oxygen uptake and Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) scores (including sit-ups, push-ups, and a 2-mile run) were assessed before and after an 8-week basic training program.

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  • Statistical analyses were conducted to compare performance metrics across different ACE genotypes (II, ID, DD).

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences in peak oxygen uptake or APFT scores were observed between subjects with different ACE genotypes, either before or after training.
    • While the II genotype group showed slightly higher APFT scores, these differences did not reach statistical significance.
    • Adjusted analyses, accounting for baseline fitness, revealed no ACE genotype-related performance advantages.

    Conclusions:

    • ACE genotype does not appear to be a strong determinant of aerobic power or muscular endurance in healthy, young, ethnically diverse American adults.
    • The findings suggest that the influence of ACE genotype on physical performance may be population-specific and less pronounced in heterogeneous groups.