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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Cerebral venous thrombosis in children

K S Carvalho1, J B Bodensteiner, P J Connolly

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, USA.

Journal of Child Neurology
|August 21, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in children, especially neonates, is a significant cause of stroke. Early diagnosis and testing for coagulation disorders are crucial for better outcomes in pediatric CVT.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroradiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a critical cause of stroke in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding the natural history of CVT is vital for developing effective interventions.
  • Neonatal CVT may be more prevalent than previously recognized, with poorer prognoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the risk factors, clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and neurological outcomes of pediatric cerebral venous thrombosis.
  • To evaluate the incidence and impact of coagulopathies in children with CVT.
  • To emphasize the importance of screening for coagulation disorders in all pediatric CVT cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 31 children diagnosed with CVT via head CT or MRI.
  • Review of patient data including risk factors, clinical symptoms, imaging results, and neurological outcomes.
  • Coagulation status was assessed in a subset of patients.

Main Results:

  • The median age was 14 days, with 61% being neonates. Common risk factors included mastoiditis, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac malformations, and dehydration.
  • Seizures, fever, respiratory distress, and lethargy were the most frequent clinical features.
  • At follow-up, 11 patients were normal, 13 had developmental delay, and 2 died. Protein C and antithrombin III deficiencies were common coagulopathies.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric cerebral venous thrombosis, particularly in neonates, presents unique challenges and poorer outcomes.
  • Coagulation disorders are prevalent in children with CVT and warrant thorough investigation.
  • Testing for coagulation disorders should be a standard part of managing pediatric CVT.

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