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Central volume expansion is pivotal for sustained decrease in heart rate during seated to supine posture change.

B Pump1, T Kamo, A Gabrielsen

  • 1Danish Aerospace Medical Centre of Research, Rigshospitalet 7805, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. bpump@post.uni2.dk

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|August 22, 2001
PubMed
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Central blood volume expansion, not baroreceptor adaptation, sustains heart rate decrease during posture changes. This finding impacts understanding of cardiovascular regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
  • Baroreceptor Reflexes

Background:

  • Carotid baroreceptor stimulation acutely decreases heart rate (HR).
  • In seated humans, this HR decrease diminishes over time, attributed to baroreceptor adaptation or aortic reflex buffering.
  • Posture changes from seated to supine sustain the HR decrease during carotid stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of central blood volume changes in sustaining the heart rate decrease during posture changes with carotid baroreceptor stimulation.
  • To differentiate the effects of static carotid stimulation from central volume expansion on cardiovascular responses.

Main Methods:

  • Compared effects of neck suction (NS), seated-to-supine posture change (Sup), and Sup with lower body negative pressure (Sup + LBNP) to maintain left atrial diameter.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Monitored heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and arterial pulse pressure in 10 subjects.
  • NS simulated carotid stimulation during posture change.

    • Main Results:

    • Supine posture change and Sup + LBNP sustained the acute decrease in HR and MAP, similar to initial neck suction response.
    • HR decreased acutely with NS and Sup + LBNP, then gradually increased towards seated values.
    • Increased left atrial diameter and arterial pulse pressure were observed only during Sup, suggesting central volume expansion is key.

    Conclusions:

    • Static carotid baroreceptor stimulation causes the initial HR decrease during seated-to-supine posture change.
    • Central volume expansion, indicated by increased left atrial diameter and arterial pulse pressure, is crucial for sustaining this HR decrease.
    • Central volume expansion effects override carotid baroreceptor adaptation and aortic reflex buffering.