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Water-sorption properties of tablet disintegrants
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|March 1, 1975
Summary
Tablet disintegrants like sodium starch glycolate and cation-exchange resin show significant water-sorption effects. These properties influence tablet dissolution, hardness, and disintegration time, crucial for direct compression formulations.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
Background:
- Tablet disintegration is critical for drug dissolution and bioavailability.
- Understanding the interaction between disintegrants and excipients is essential for robust tablet formulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the water-sorption properties of four common tablet disintegrants.
- To correlate water-sorption with tablet dissolution and performance under varying humidity.
- To evaluate the impact of disintegrant choice on tablet stability and rupture mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Water-sorption isotherms were determined for starch, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium starch glycolate, and cation-exchange resin powders.
- Tablets were prepared using calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate as a direct compression matrix.
- Tablet hardness, disintegration time, and dissolution profiles were assessed after storage in controlled humidity environments.
- Photomicrography was employed to visualize the disintegration process.
Main Results:
- Dissolution properties correlated well with water-sorption characteristics of the disintegrants.
- Tablet hardness and disintegration time were significantly affected by storage humidity, varying with disintegrant type.
- Different disintegrants exhibited distinct mechanisms of tablet rupture, supported by photomicrographic evidence.
- Sodium starch glycolate and cation-exchange resin demonstrated notable water-sorption and influenced tablet properties significantly.
Conclusions:
- The water-sorption capacity of tablet disintegrants directly impacts tablet dissolution and physical stability.
- Sodium starch glycolate and cation-exchange resin are key considerations for formulators using calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate in direct compression.
- Disintegrant selection should account for water-sorption behavior to optimize tablet performance and stability.
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